# Sending Emails In order to send an Email message, you must have an active Email channel and perform a HTTP request to the following endpoint with a [valid access key](https://docs.bird.com/api/api-access/api-authorization). **Examples:** * [Plain Text Emails
](#send-a-plain-text-email) * [HTML Emails](#send-an-html-email) * [Sending to Multiple Recipients](#send-an-email-to-multiple-participants) * [HTML metadata](#html-metadata) * [Emails with Attachments](#send-a-html-message-with-attachments) * [Emails with Inline Images](#send-a-html-message-with-inline-images) * [Emails Using Templates](#send-a-message-with-a-template) * [Setting use case](#send-a-message-specifying-the-use-case) * [Emails with message tags](#send-a-message-with-tags) ## Send a message > Send a message to a channel ```json {"openapi":"3.0.3","info":{"title":"Channels","version":"v1"},"tags":[{"name":"channel_message","description":"Messages are the data sent and received through channels."}],"servers":[{"url":"https://api.bird.com","description":"Production API"}],"security":[{"accessKey":[]}],"components":{"securitySchemes":{"accessKey":{"description":"Uses the Authorization header: 'AccessKey ' followed by your access key token (e.g., 'Authorization: AccessKey AbCdEfGhIjKlMnOpQrStUvWxYzAbCdEfGhIj')","scheme":"AccessKey","type":"http"}},"schemas":{"CreateMessage":{"allOf":[{"type":"object","title":"CreateChannelMessage","additionalProperties":false,"required":["receiver"],"properties":{"sender":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Sender"},"receiver":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Receiver"},"reference":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Reference"},"template":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Template"},"meta":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Meta"},"replyTo":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/ReplyTo"},"body":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Body"},"notification":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Notification"},"capFrequency":{"type":"boolean","description":"If set to true, the frequency capping settings of the platform will be used\nto either allow or reject the message to a contact. 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text displayed above the carousel cards","maxLength":1024},"items":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Items"}}}}},"Items":{"type":"array","nullable":true,"items":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"title":{"type":"string"},"mediaUrl":{"type":"string","format":"uri","nullable":true},"description":{"type":"string"},"altText":{"type":"string"},"actions":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Actions"}}}},"TypeList":{"type":"object","required":["list","type"],"additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"type":{"type":"string","enum":["list"]},"list":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"title":{"type":"string"},"text":{"type":"string"},"altText":{"type":"string"},"items":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Items"},"actions":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Actions"},"metadata":{"type":"object","properties":{"button":{"type":"object","description":"Sets a button name for whatsapp list messages. Only available usage for Whatsapp platform","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"label":{"type":"string","maxLength":20}}},"replyMessage":{"type":"object","description":"Sets the reply message to be used when a list item is picked. Used for Apple Business Chat.","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"title":{"type":"string","maxLength":512},"text":{"type":"string","maxLength":512}}}}}},"required":["text"]}}},"TypeSection":{"type":"object","required":["section","type"],"additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"type":{"type":"string","enum":["section"]},"section":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"items":{"type":"array","items":{"minLength":1,"$ref":"#/components/schemas/SectionBody"}},"configurations":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":{"type":"string"}}}}}},"SectionBody":{"type":"object","title":"MessageBody","allOf":[{"type":"object","required":["type"],"properties":{"type":{"type":"string","enum":["text","image","file","gif","location","carousel","list","section"]}}},{"oneOf":[{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeText"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeImage"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeFile"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeGif"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeLocation"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeCarousel"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeList"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeSectionNested"}],"discriminator":{"propertyName":"type","mapping":{"text":"#/components/schemas/TypeText","image":"#/components/schemas/TypeImage","file":"#/components/schemas/TypeFile","gif":"#/components/schemas/TypeGif","location":"#/components/schemas/TypeLocation","carousel":"#/components/schemas/TypeCarousel","list":"#/components/schemas/TypeList","section":"#/components/schemas/TypeSectionNested"}}}]},"TypeSectionNested":{"type":"object","required":["section","type"],"additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"type":{"type":"string","enum":["section"]},"section":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"items":{"type":"array","items":{"minLength":1,"$ref":"#/components/schemas/SectionBodyNested"}},"configurations":{"type":"object","properties":{"default":{"type":"string"}},"additionalProperties":{"type":"string"}}}}}},"SectionBodyNested":{"type":"object","title":"MessageBody","allOf":[{"type":"object","required":["type"],"properties":{"type":{"type":"string","enum":["text","image","file","gif","location","carousel","list"]}}},{"oneOf":[{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeText"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeImage"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeFile"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeGif"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeLocation"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeCarousel"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/TypeList"}],"discriminator":{"propertyName":"type","mapping":{"text":"#/components/schemas/TypeText","image":"#/components/schemas/TypeImage","file":"#/components/schemas/TypeFile","gif":"#/components/schemas/TypeGif","location":"#/components/schemas/TypeLocation","carousel":"#/components/schemas/TypeCarousel","list":"#/components/schemas/TypeList"}}}]},"TypeAuthentication":{"type":"object","required":["authentication","type"],"additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"type":{"type":"string","enum":["authentication"]},"authentication":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"otp":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":false,"required":["disclaimer"],"properties":{"disclaimer":{"type":"boolean","description":"Whether to add a security disclaimer to the authentication body.","nullable":false},"expirationTime":{"type":"integer","minimum":1,"maximum":90,"nullable":true,"description":"The number of seconds after which the authentication body will expire. If not set, no expiration notification will be sent."},"actions":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Actions"}}}}}}},"TypeAction":{"type":"object","required":["type"],"additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"type":{"type":"string","enum":["permission_request"]},"permission_request":{"type":"object","required":["resource"],"properties":{"resource":{"type":"string","enum":["call"]}}}}},"Notification":{"type":"object","title":"ChannelNotification","properties":{"url":{"type":"string","description":"A custom webhook url to send events to. Note: you should have a created webhook subscription.\nRefer to the Notifications API to learn how to create a webhook subscription.\n"}}},"Tags":{"type":"array","description":"Tags to associate with the message. Tags are converted to lower case and tags\nthat do not exist are automatically created. You can view your created tags\nin the UI. You can specify up to 10 tags per message.\n","maxItems":10,"items":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Name-3"}},"Name-3":{"type":"string","pattern":"^[a-zA-Z0-9-_ ]+$","minLength":1,"maxLength":50,"description":"Tag name. Must be between 1 and 50 characters and must only contain\nalphanumeric characters, hyphens, underscores, and spaces.\n"},"ShortLinks":{"nullable":true,"type":"object","description":"SMS link shortening options. Must be included in the request for SMS channels\nwhen `enableLinkTracking` is set to true. When using templates, please refer\nto the template level `shortLinks` instead.\n","additionalProperties":false,"required":["domain"],"properties":{"domain":{"type":"string","maxLength":128,"description":"The domain to use when shortening links. When set to `default`,\nuses the default link shortening domain for the workspace.\n"}}},"ScheduledFor":{"type":"string","format":"date-time","description":"Scheduled time to send message at. Must be formated as RFC3339 timestamp. When\nset, the message status will be `scheduled` until it's sent. Messages scheduled\nfor a time in the past or within 10 minutes of the request may be sent\nimmediately. Messages scheduled farther than 35 days will be rejected.\n"},"Validity":{"type":"integer","description":"Validity determines for how many seconds a message is valid. If none is provided, the channel message type will be used to determine it.\nA promotional, conversational or transactional channel message is valid for 36 hours (129600 seconds). A message sent from a 2FA channel is valid for 10 minutes (600 seconds).\n","minimum":0},"Message":{"type":"object","title":"ChannelMessage","allOf":[{"type":"object","properties":{"id":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Id-2"},"channelId":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/ChannelId"},"sender":{"oneOf":[{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Connector"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Contact"}]},"receiver":{"oneOf":[{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Connector"},{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Contacts"}]},"meta":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Meta"},"reference":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Reference"},"parts":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Parts"},"status":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Status-3"},"reason":{"type":"string"},"direction":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Direction"},"origin":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Origin"},"replyTo":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/ReplyTo"},"lastStatusAt":{"type":"string","format":"date-time"},"createdAt":{"type":"string","format":"date-time"},"updatedAt":{"type":"string","format":"date-time"},"details":{"description":"This field is used to store additional information related to the message status.\n","type":"string"},"failure":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Failure"},"tags":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Tags"},"shortLinks":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/ShortLinks"},"scheduledFor":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/ScheduledFor"}},"required":["id","channelId","sender","receiver","status","lastStatusAt","createdAt","updatedAt"]},{"anyOf":[{"type":"object","properties":{"body":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Body"}},"required":["body"]},{"type":"object","properties":{"template":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Template"}},"required":["template"]}]}]},"ChannelId":{"type":"string","format":"uuid"},"Connector":{"type":"object","title":"ChannelConnector","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"connector":{"type":"object","properties":{"id":{"type":"string","format":"uuid"},"identifierValue":{"type":"string"},"annotations":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/MessageAnnotations"},"types":{"type":"array","items":{"type":"string"}}},"required":["id"]}},"required":["connector"]},"Contact":{"type":"object","title":"ChannelContact","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"contact":{"type":"object","properties":{"id":{"type":"string"},"identifierKey":{"type":"string"},"identifierValue":{"type":"string"},"type":{"type":"string"},"countryCode":{"type":"string"},"platformAddress":{"type":"string"},"platformAddressSelector":{"type":"string"},"annotations":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":true,"properties":{"name":{"type":"string"}}}},"required":["id","identifierKey","identifierValue"]}},"required":["contact"]},"Contacts":{"type":"object","title":"ChannelContacts","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"contacts":{"type":"array","minLength":1,"items":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"id":{"type":"string"},"identifierKey":{"type":"string"},"identifierValue":{"type":"string"},"type":{"type":"string"},"countryCode":{"type":"string"},"identifiers":{"type":"array","items":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"identifierKey":{"type":"string"},"identifierValue":{"type":"string"}}}},"platformAddress":{"type":"string"},"platformAddressSelector":{"type":"string","nullable":true},"annotations":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":true,"properties":{"name":{"type":"string"}}}}}}},"required":["contacts"]},"Parts":{"type":"array","items":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"platformReference":{"type":"string"}}}},"Status-3":{"type":"string","enum":["accepted","rejected","processing","scheduled","sent","sending_failed","delivered","delivery_failed","deleted","skipped"]},"Direction":{"type":"string","enum":["incoming","outgoing"]},"Origin":{"type":"object","nullable":true,"additionalProperties":false,"required":["type","id"],"properties":{"type":{"type":"string","description":"origin type of message."},"id":{"type":"string","description":"origin id of message."}}},"Failure":{"type":"object","nullable":true,"additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"code":{"type":"integer","description":"omni channel interpretation of the failure to categorise the nature of message error."},"description":{"type":"string","description":"human readable description of the error."},"source":{"type":"object","additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"code":{"type":"string","description":"numerical, text or alphanumeric code that indicates the error or issue while delivering the message in the last step."},"name":{"type":"string","description":"enum representing the step where the failure occurred. Example: # \"pre-processing\", \"accounting\", \"whatsapp\", \"email-sparkpost\", etc."}}}}},"RequestError":{"type":"object","properties":{"code":{"type":"string","description":"A unique code that identifies the error. This code can be used to programmatically identify the error.\n"},"message":{"type":"string","description":"A human-readable message that describes the error. An example is 'The requested resource does not exist: channel not found'.\n"}},"required":["code","message"]},"ValidationError":{"type":"object","properties":{"code":{"type":"string","description":"A unique code that identifies the error. This code can be used to programmatically identify the error.\n"},"message":{"type":"string","description":"A human-readable message that describes the error. An example is 'The requested resource does not exist: channel not found'.\n"},"details":{"type":"object","description":"Additional details about the error. This object can contain any additional information that may be useful for debugging.\n","additionalProperties":{"type":"array","items":{"type":"string"}}}},"required":["code","message"]}},"responses":{"requestError":{"description":"The request did not pass validation","content":{"application/json":{"schema":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/RequestError"}}}},"validationError":{"description":"The request did not pass validation","content":{"application/json":{"schema":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/ValidationError"}}}}}},"paths":{"/workspaces/{workspaceId}/channels/{channelId}/messages":{"post":{"summary":"Send a message","operationId":"createChannelMessage","description":"Send a message to a channel","tags":["channel_message"],"requestBody":{"content":{"application/json":{"schema":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/CreateMessage"}}}},"responses":{"202":{"description":"Message was accepted for processing","content":{"application/json":{"schema":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/Message"}}}},"400":{"$ref":"#/components/responses/requestError"},"404":{"$ref":"#/components/responses/requestError"},"409":{"description":"Creating the message was not possible because of conflicting conditions","content":{"application/json":{"schema":{"$ref":"#/components/schemas/RequestError"}}}},"422":{"$ref":"#/components/responses/validationError"}}}}}} ``` ## Send a plain text email To send a plain text email message with the above endpoint set the request body as follows: {% code lineNumbers="true" %} ```bash curl --location '/workspaces/:workspaceID/channels/:channelID/messages' \ --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \ --header 'Authorization: ' \ --data-raw '{ "receiver": { "contacts": [ { "identifierKey" : "emailaddress", "identifierValue": "user@example.com" } ] }, "body": { "type": "text", "text": { "text": "Single text message" } } }' ``` {% endcode %} ## Send an html email To send an html email message with the above endpoint, set the request body as follows. \ For email clients that do not support html and rich content set the plain text fallback field. {% code lineNumbers="true" %} ```bash curl --location '/workspaces/:workspaceID/channels/:channelID/messages' \ --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \ --header 'Authorization: ' \ --data-raw '{ "receiver": { "contacts": [ { "identifierKey" : "emailaddress", "identifierValue": "user@example.com" } ] }, "body": { "type": "html", "html": { "html": "

Hey, this is a nice html email.

" } } }' ``` {% endcode %} ## Send an email to multiple participants To send an email to multiple participants, add another object to the contacts array. Use the type field to specify if the recipient of the email should be on the **To** list, in **CC**, or **BCC** {% code lineNumbers="true" %} ```bash curl --location '/workspaces/:workspaceID/channels/:channelID/messages' \ --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \ --header 'Authorization: ' \ --data-raw '{ "receiver": { "contacts": [ { "identifierKey" : "emailaddress", "identifierValue": "user1@example.com" }, { "identifierKey" : "emailaddress", "identifierValue": "user2@example.com" }, { "identifierKey" : "emailaddress", "identifierValue": "user3@example.com" } ] }, "body": { "type": "html", "html": { "html": "

Hey, this is a nice html email to multiple recipients.

" } } }' ``` {% endcode %} ## HTML metadata Within the HTML body object you can include a metdata object as follows: * **body.metadata.html.subject** = set the email subject * **body.metadata.emailfrom.username** = set the sender before the @ e.g. \_**support**<_@acme.com> * **body.metadata.emailfrom.displayname** = set the display name appearing in users inbox e.g. **Support team** * **body.metadata.headers.reply-to** = the reply-to address ### Set the email subject {% code lineNumbers="true" %} ```bash curl --location '/workspaces/:workspaceID/channels/:channelID/messages' \ --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \ --header 'Authorization: ' \ --data-raw '{ "receiver": { "contacts": [ { "identifierKey" : "emailaddress", "identifierValue": "user@example.com" } ] }, "body": { "type": "text", "text": { "text": "Hey, this is a nice text email.", "metadata": { "subject": "What is the subject?" } } } }' ``` {% endcode %} ## Send a html message with attachments To send an email with attached media, ensure that your media file is either publicly available or see [uploading media](https://docs.bird.com/api/api-reference/messaging#uploading-media). Add attachment objects to `body.text.attachments[]` or `body.html.attachments[]` as shown. Each attachment object has the following properties: * **mediaUrl = The URL location of the media** * **filename = The name of the file** * **inline = boolean (default false).** See sending [inline images](#send-a-html-message-with-inline-images): {% code lineNumbers="true" %} ```bash curl --location '/workspaces/:workspaceID/channels/:channelID/messages' \ --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \ --header 'Authorization: ' \ --data-raw '{ "receiver": { "contacts": [ { "identifierKey" : "emailaddress", "identifierValue": "user@example.com" } ] }, "body": { "type": "text", "text": { "text": "Hey, this is a nice text email.", "attachments": [ { "mediaUrl": "https://docs.bird.com/~gitbook/image?url=https%3A%2F%2F3210271997-files.gitbook.io%2F%7E%2Ffiles%2Fv0%2Fb%2Fgitbook-x-prod.appspot.com%2Fo%2Fspaces%252FdnJZeZvhOMhDQA8SpjQM%252Flogo%252FDR12k6Q9swjRC5qGPMFM%252FFrame%252071487.png%3Falt%3Dmedia%26token%3D81a28146-ce23-466b-84b2-3eca81168d86&width=128&dpr=3&quality=100&sign=d231cba2&sv=1", "filename": "bird.png" } ] } } }' ``` {% endcode %} ## Send an html message with inline images To send an email with images inline, ensure that your media file is either publicly available or see [uploading media](https://docs.bird.com/api/api-reference/messaging#uploading-media). Add an array of attachments to `body.html` as above, but set `body.html.attachments[].inline` to *true.* Within `body.html` reference the image in an image tag and prefix the filename with `cid:` For example: ``` ``` {% code overflow="wrap" lineNumbers="true" %} ```bash curl --location '/workspaces/:workspaceID/channels/:channelID/messages' \ --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \ --header 'Authorization: ' \ --data-raw '{ "receiver": { "contacts": [ { "identifierKey" : "emailaddress", "identifierValue": "user@example.com" } ] }, "body": { "type": "html", "html": { "text": "Single text message", "html": "

Single html message

INLINE IMAGE!

", "metadata": { "subject": "Here is an Email with an attachment", "headers": { "reply-to": "replyto@this.address" }, "emailFrom": { "username": "support", "displayName": "Support Team" } }, "attachments": [ { "mediaUrl": "mediaurl", "filename": "image.png", "inline": true } ] } } }' ``` {% endcode %} ## Send a message with a template Using Studio, you can create templates that can be reused across multiple email messages. To use a template in a message: 1. First make sure that the template is active. 2. Then, specify the template details in the `template` field of the request body, including the `projectId`, `version`, `locale`, and any `variables` that are present in the template. 3. Make sure that the variable names in your request match the variable names in the created template. 4. You can also add attachments to your template messages by adding an attachment array. For example: ```bash curl --location '/workspaces/:workspaceID/channels/:channelID/messages' \ --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \ --header 'Authorization: ' \ --data-raw '{ "receiver": { "contacts": [ { "identifierKey" : "emailaddress", "identifierValue": "user@example.com" } ] }, "template": { "locale": "en", "projectId": ":projectID", "version": ":versionID", "attachments": [ { "mediaUrl": "https://api.bird.com/bird.png", "filename": "bird.png" } ] } }' ``` ## Send a message specifying the use case The example describes the request body to send an email with custom use case types. The default type is marketing, but you can specify others listed. * transactional * otp * conversation * marketing ```bash curl --location '/workspaces/:workspaceID/channels/:channelID/messages' \ --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \ --header 'Authorization: ' \ --data-raw '{ "receiver": { "contacts": [ { "identifierKey" : "emailaddress", "identifierValue": "user@example.com" } ] }, "body": { "type": "text", "text": { "text": "Hey, this is a nice text email." } }, "meta": { "extraInformation": { "useCase": "transactional" } } }' ``` ## Send a message with tags This example describes the request body to send an email with tags. ```bash curl --location '/workspaces/:workspaceID/channels/:channelID/messages' \ --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \ --header 'Authorization: ' \ --data-raw '{ "receiver": { "contacts": [ { "id": ":contactID" } ] }, "body": { "type": "text", "text": { "text": "Hey, this is a nice text email." } }, "tags": ["tag-1", "tag-2"] }' ```